Calling Russia "enemy of mankind", Jacob Schiff arranged a loan for 200 million dollars for the Japanese government. Russian anti-Semitism led Schiff to call for a revolution to overthrow the czar. Schiff, a renowned financier and philanthropist, was a major force behind many of Jewish institutions of his day. Despite this, he consistently refused to have his name on any building. Schiff was also influential in the creation of the American Jewish Committee and the Joint Distribution Committee.